Ukufumana ukugcina okuphelele ngokusebenzisa ipowda yemoto kumsebenzi wokushaya emindeni

Ukubuyisela kwezinye Izingxenye: Isibonelo Esikhulu Sokubuyisela Kwezinye Izingxenye Zokugcina Kwesikhangeli Somthwakazi

Ukucima, ukuphosphatika, nokubhala ngokusebenzisa amaphutha ukususa izinye izinkambu zokubhala nezinye izinto ezingavumelekile

Ukuthola ukunamathela okuhle kupende oyimpuphu kuqala ngokulungiswa kahle kobuso okuqeda amafutha, ama-oxide, kanye nalezo zingxenye ezincane ezingaphelele esizibiza ngokuthi i-micro-roughness. Okokuqala, kuyadingeka ukuba kucutshungulwe amafutha, okuhlanganisa izixazululo ezinama-alkali noma izihlanzo ze-solvent ukuze kususwe izinto eziphilayo ezazingadala lezo zimpawu ezicasulayo. Okulandelayo ukuphathwa kwe-phosphating, lapho izinsimbi ziguqulwa zibe lezi zakhiwo ezincane zekristalu ezingamelana nokugqwala kangcono kuphela kodwa futhi zinika upende okuthile onganamathela kukho ngamakhemikhali. Khona-ke kukhona ukuqhuma okuhlabayo, okudala iphethini yokuma cishe ngamamilimitha amabili kuya kwamane ekujuleni komhlaba. Abantu abaningi basebenzisa izinto ezifana ne-aluminium oxide noma insimbi enama-engeli ukuze benze lokhu. Isinyathelo sokuqhuma empeleni sisiza upende ukuba unamathele ngokwemvelo ngaphandle kokuphazamisa ukwakheka kwendawo ekhona. Ngokwemibiko yezimboni, cishe u-60% wazo zonke izinkinga zokumboza ungabangelwa umsebenzi wokulungiselela ongalungile. Lapho izinkampani zigxumela izinyathelo noma ziphuthuma kunoma iyiphi ingxenye yale nqubo, zigcina zinezingubo ezingabambeleli kahle. Ukulandela zonke izigaba ezintathu ngokucophelela kuqinisekisa ukulinganisela okufanele kwamandla nokwakheka komhlaba ukuze upende oyimpuphu unamathele ngokuqinile futhi uhlale isikhathi eside.

Izindlela zokubhekisisa kwe-substrate: i-aluminum vs. isitayile esingaphansi futhi ubukhulu bakho kumkhawulo wemiphefumulo yamapowda

Indlela izinto eziziphethe ngayo isho ukuthi sidinga izindlela ezihluke ngokuphelele lapho sizama ukuthola lokho kuqeda okufana nesibuko. Ngokwesibonelo, i-aluminium inesigaba se-oxide esithambile ebusweni. Asikwazi ukuyidubula ngamandla, ngakho izitolo eziningi zinamathela ekucindezelweni okungaphansi kwama-50 psi zisebenzisa izinto ezinjengezigobolondo zamantongomane esikhundleni sezinto zensimbi. Ngemva kokuhlanza, ukusebenzisa lezo zembozo ezingenawo ama-chromate kusiza ekuvimbeleni ukugqwala ngaphandle kokuphazamisa indlela upende olunamathelana ngayo kamuva. Nokho, insimbi emnene ikhuluma ngenye indaba. Lezi zindawo zidinga umsebenzi omkhulu, ngokuvamile ukuqhuma kwe-SA 2.5 grade nge-grit yensimbi ebukhali ukuze kususwe lonke lelo banga. Khona-ke kuza ukwelashwa kwe-zinc phosphate okubhekana kokubili nenkinga yokuqukethwe kwekhabhoni nokuvikela ekugqwalieni. Izici zokushisa nazo zenza izinto zibe ezithakazelisayo. I-aluminium ifudumala ngokushesha ngokuphindwe kathathu kunensimbi phakathi nenqubo yokuqina. Lokho kusho ukuthi ochwepheshe kumelwe balungise ngokucophelela ama-profile abo okushisa nge-infrared ukuze ukwakheka kuqhume ngokulinganayo yonke indawo. Ukwenza lezi zinyathelo zokulungiselela ngendlela efanele uhlobo ngalunye lwento okuyiyona eyenza imikhiqizo eqediwe ibukeke kahle ngisho nalapho iqukethe izinsimbi eziningi emhlanganweni owodwa.

Ukuhlela Ukuthumela Kwemithwisi Yemiphefumulo Yokuphatha Ngokufanayo

Ukulinganisa Umgama Phakathi Kwesifuba Nendawo, Ivolthi, Nokuvalelwa Kwemithwisi Ukuze Kuvikeke Ukubhala Kwemithwisi Ngokufanayo Nokuthumela Kwemithwisi Ngokusheshayo

Ukufumana ukuthumela kwe-powder okuphathelene nokwakha kwe-film okuhle kuyaphela kusukela kuqinisekisa kakhulu izi-sprayer zethu zesithembiso. Uma sifaka igun ngaphakathi kwepart, abasebenzi abaningi bafindile ukuthi ukubeka kusukela ema-6 kuze kuma-12 inches kuyasebenza kahle kakhulu. Lokhu kukhona kuzo zonke izindlela zokusebenzisa amandla esithembiso ngaphandle kokuchitha isurface. Uma sibeka kancane kakhulu, ipowder iyakwakha kancane kabusha ngaphambi kokufika ekuparteni. Kodwa uma sibeka kude kakhulu, umsithembiso uyadlula futhi sizobona izindawo ezingazihlukaniswa kahle lapho ipowder ayikwazi ukulayisha. Kuma-voltage settings, amashop abaningi ayasebenzisa phakathi kwe-40 ne-100 kilovolts. Lokhu kubiza umsithembiso okufanele ukwenza ipowder ikhanyise kodwa akuvimba izindawo eziphansi ezizwa ngokuthi zingabhalwa ngokuthi zingavimbe. Amathuba okuthumela ayasuka phakathi kwe-70 ne-120 grams per minute. Lokhu kubiza ukuthi kufanele ukubhala konke isurface kodwa akubiza ukuthi kubhale kakhulu kakhulu ukuze kubhale kakhulu kakhulu kwe-overspray. Uma izinto zihlukana, sizobona noma izindlela zokubhala zokubhala kahle (orange peel) kusukela kwe-melting engaqondi kahle noma izindawo ezingazihlukaniswa kahle lapho ipowder ayikwazi ukulayisha kahle. Lezi zinkinga ziyasebenza uma akukho isikhathi sokuhlala okufanele noma uma iziparti azisithembiswe kahle. Izinkampani ezintsha ezikhona kuleli xesha zinezisensor ezithunyelwe ngaphandle ozokuthatha izilungiselelo zokuthi ziyagcina kahle ukuthi kubhekwe kusukela kwe-5 percent kwezinhlobo ezinkulu. Futhi ukuthola ukuthi? Lezi zisistimu ezigcina kahle zibeka ipowder eyadlula ngokuthi yisikhathi esinye kusukela kwezilungiselelo zokuthi ziyagcina kahle.

Izinqambu Zokugcina Ezinconywa Ukuthi I-Powder Paint Iyophelele Nokuthi Iyisilisa

Izinqambu zokugcina eziphelele ziyadetermina okuphelele sintshontsho siphetha isilisa ngokuphatha ukuchitha kwe-melt, ukuchitha kwesifazane, nokuthi kuyasebenza kwe-cross-linking. Ukuguqula okungafana noma kuphela nge-5°C kusuka kwezinqambu ezizocwepha ngazo izinyathelo zokugcina ziyaphinda isikhathi sokuchitha kwemolekyuli—kubangela ukuchitha kwe-skinning okwakhiwe kabusha noma ukuzimela kokusebenza kwe-polymerization—futhi kuyabhekisa ngqo ukubonakala nokusebenza.

Ukuchitha kwezinkambu zokugcina, isikhathi, nokuthi kuyakhuluma ngokuchitha kwe-melt nokusilisa kwesifazane

Amaphetha amuhle kakhulu aphuma uma sifaka izinkulungwane phakathi kwe-180 kanye ne-200 degrees Celsius ngemizuzu engu-10 kuya ku-15. Lokhu kusinika isikhathi esifanayo ukuze zonke izinto zihlale zihlanganise kahle futhi zihlanganise kabusha, ngaphambi kokuthi kubegela. Kufanele ukuthi isikhathi sokuphanda kungaphezulu kwe-15 degrees ngomzuzu. Lokhu kusiza ukuthi umhlangothi ushalela ngokucwephesha futhi kususa zonke izibhubesi zomoya ozokubangela izinkinga emva kwalokho njengezibhobho zokugcina noma izibhobho ezincane kwezinto ezenziwe. Uma siphanda ngaphezulu kwe-25 degrees ngomzuzu, kubhekwa kuthi kubekhona ukuthi kubhukhisa (crusting). Isandla sithembeka ngaphakathi kwezinye izinto zisalwa futhi, okuyenza ukuthi kubhekwe kuthi kubekhona izibhobho ezincane futhi kwenza ukuthi isandla sibheka kuncane kakhulu kunezidingo. Ngemuva kokuthi ukubegela kubekhona, ukuchitha kufanele kubheke kuncane, akakwane ukuthi kubheke ngaphezulu kwe-5 degrees ngomzuzu. Lokhu kusiza ukuthi kungabeki kuzo izinkinga zokuchitha ngaphakathi kwemhlangothi, okuyenza ukuthi kubhekwa kuthi kubekhona izibhobho ezincane ezikhiqiza umlando futhi kubhekwa kuthi kubekhona ububi bokubheka kanye nobubi bekukhula kwezinto ngemuva kwalokho.

Ukuhlanganisa ukukhokha kwe-convection ne-IR: isiphakade sokuthi kuyaphakama kanjani ukubaluleka kwezilinganiso zokuphepha kwemithombo yamapowda

Izithando zokushisa ezihambisa ukushisa zisebenza kahle ekushiseni izingxenye ngoba zivunguza umoya oshisayo njalo. Lokhu kwenza kube usizo ngokukhethekile lapho kusebenza izingxenye ezinesisindo noma ezithatha isikhathi eside ukuba zishise kahle. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuqiniswa kwe-infrared kungathuthukisa ukusabela kwendawo noma kuphi phakathi kuka-40 no-60% ngoba kuhlasela izibopho ezithile zamangqamuzana ngokuqondile. Yini embi ngalo? Imigqa yokukhiqiza esheshayo ngokuvamile ivela ngenxa yokuthi imiphetho iyashisa kakhulu noma izinkinga zokuhamba ezingalingani ezinobunjwa obuyinkimbinkimbi. Namuhla izitolo eziningi zihlanganisa zombili izindlela. Baqala nge-IR ukuze izinto zishise ngokushesha bese beshintshela ekuhambeni ukuze bagcine izinga lokushisa lizinzile. Ngokweziqondiso zamuva zomkhakha kusukela ngo-2025, le ndlela ye-hybrid inciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphelele cishe ngekota uma iqhathaniswa nokusebenzisa noma iyiphi indlela yodwa. Nokho, lapho kukhethwa imishini, abakhiqizi kudingeka bangagcini nje ngokubheka izilinganiso ezivamile zejubane. Ukwakheka kwengxenye, ukusabalalisa isisindo phakathi kwamaqoqo, kanye nemigomo yokukhiqiza yansuku zonke konke kubalulekile ekwenzeni isinqumo esifanele.

Ukuchaza nokubuyisela izinkinga zokugcina kwe-powder paint

Nakuba kunezindlela zokuphatha ezinkhethekileyo, izindlela zokugcina ngamapowder zingathola izinkinga ezingabonakali kakhulu futhi zingahlinzeka ukusebenza. Izinkinga eziphikiswe kakhulu? Ukubonakala kwe-orange peel, izihlangothi ezincane zokuphakanyiswa, nezihlangothi ezingazenzela. Umunye walezingcinga unemibono eyodwa yayo nezizindaba ezithile zokwenzeka. Uma ubona ukuthi kungasendleleni yokuchaza ukuthi kungani okwenzeka, qala ngokubheka phansi kwesikhathi sokubheka ngokushaya isikhathi. Uma ubona izinhlobo zokuzalwa ngokucindezela emaphakathi kwezihlangothi, kusukela kuthi kubonakala ukuthi kukhona umsindo wokufaka amasipho kusenhlawini. Uma ubona ukuthi kubonakala kwe-orange peel kuzo zonke izindawo, lokhu kusho ukuthi igun yespray ayayisilika kahle noma isikhathi sokugcina akayisilika kahle. Futhi lezi zihlangothi ezincane zokuphakanyiswa ezibonakala kuzo zonke izindawo? Zingavakalwa ngokuthi kubonakala ukuthi kubonakala umsindo wokuphakanyiswa okungafanani noma umsindo wokuphakanyiswa okungafanani kusenhlawini.

Ukubuyisela kuyasekela kwenhlawulelo yomdlalo nesikhathi:

• Gcina ukuthi ikhulu lwe-humidity libe phansi kwe-50% ngalokhu kokugcina ukuze ushise izinkinga zokuphakanyiswa kwe-moisture
• Yingcikise imithwalo yezinhlelo zokuhlanzwa ze-ISO 8501-1 ukuze ususe izinto ezingakhathali kwezinkambu
• Qiniseka ukulinganisa kwesikhathi sokuphakama kwe-oven ngaphakathi kwe-±5°C ngokusebenzisa izithombe zesikhathi sokuphakama esizimele ngokuphepha

Ucwaningo olwenziwa yi-Journal of Coatings Technology emuva ngo-2023 lwathola okuthile okushaqisayo: cishe amaphesenti angu-74 azo zonke izinkinga zokuqeda empeleni aqala esigabeni sokulungiselela indawo. Lokho kugcizelela ngempela ukuthi kungani ukwenza lokhu kulungiswe kahle kubaluleke kangaka ekulawuleni ikhwalithi. Ukuhlola imishini njalo nakho kwenza umehluko omkhulu. Ukubheka izinto ezinjengokuthi izibhamu zikagesi zixhunywe kahle yini emhlabathini, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izihlungi azivaliwe, nokuhlola ukuthi imibhede yokugeleza igcina ivumelana yini kunganciphisa izinkinga eziphindaphindwayo cishe ngezingu-2/3. Lapho kuvela amaphutha, kunezindlela zokuwalungisa ngaphandle kokudiliza konke. Ezindabeni ezincane zokulinganisa, ukubhaka kabusha okulawulwayo kwenza izimangaliso. Futhi lapho ukunamathela kwehluleka endaweni ethile, ukuqhuma kwesikhala kwenza umsebenzi wenziwe ngaphandle kokuchitha isikhathi ekuvuseleleni ngokuphelele. Ukufaka izinzwa zesikhathi sangempela emafutheni okupholisa kwenza opharetha bakwazi ukubona izinkinga kusenesikhathi, balungise izilungiselelo ngaphambi kokuba noma ubani abone ukuthi kukhona okungahambi kahle ngomkhiqizo ophelile.